Explain the UNIX file system?

Basm Allah Alrahman Alrahim

If you mean the Best File System For Unix and Unix-like (e.g Linux , BSD , Solaris ...etc ) , this link give you a good answer

If you mean the old start of Unix Design Filesystem Go To Wiki

But If you mean hierarchical of Unix , it start with root directory with the symbol forward slash ( / ) , look like windows for one root (e.g c:\\ any letter with backslash ), of course windows can be with many roots directory ,unlike Unix-like with one root , under the root directory at Unix there are many directories  look at wiki Filesystem Hierarchy Standard [ FHS ]

For Linux Hirarachy look to the following Figure

For BSD Look to the following Figure

 Link for solaris file system structure

A file system is a logical collection of files on a partition or disk. A partition is a container for information and can span an entire hard drive if desired.

Your hard drive can have various partitions which usually contains only one file system, such as one file system housing the / file system or another containing the /home file system.

One file system per partition allows for the logical maintenance and management of differing file systems.

Everything in Unix is considered to be a file, including physical devices such as DVD-ROMs, USB devices, floppy drives etc.,

detailed here

for further open this

unix file system is logical method for orgainizing and storing large amount of data or information which make to easy to manage.