Is it possible to edit an ai file without using Adobe Illustrator?

If you must, I'll highly recommend that you convert the .Ai file into .svg first either by extracting the file as SVG through Adobe Illustrator, or by using one of the online converters like Cloudconvert.com.

The operation of editing .svg file without Illustrator should go much more smoother than editing .Ai.

You can edit .svg file using any of the vector editors like: CorelDraw, Inkscape (free), OmniGraffle, Sketch, SVG-Edit (free-browser), Serif DrawPlus (free), Affinity Designer, etc ..

Yes it is possible to edit any .ai extension file which was created in adobe illustator,There are many software that edit .ai extension file like..

1.Corel draw.  2.Serif DrawPlus

3.SVG-EDIT.    4.Sketch

5.Inkscape.      6.Affinity Designer

yes there is a bunch of software to edit vector files like Corel draw, SVG-edit, Inkscape, sketch and more

 s Limited  only -

When you save a file in Illustrator>  export > then save as psd then set on write layer with maximum editability embed profile ok then you can open your file in Photoshop

yes, move to file in CoreldROW and open it

Yes, you can open AI files in Photoshop. You can go to files > Open and in the dialouge box select All files or AI extension and then you can select a Ai file to open it:

http://prntscr.com/b0kddv

It is possible. One can do that in Adobe Photoshop or even CorelDraw. One could also export the file to a layered pdf and then tweak it in Adobe InDesign as well. 

Yes, you can, with a CorelDraw or any other (Victors) software , but it's better to use Illustrator ! 

yes,it's possible we can use aftereffect to edit or to animate the ai file

Yes you can, but there might be loss of information once you open the file in another vector based softwares.