Which Pump is more Efficient Centrifugal Pump or Reciprocating Pump?

Reciprocating pump usually they have higher efficiency. But that shouldn't be the only factor to chose them. Please see the link below: http://4mechtech.blogspot.ca/2013/11/difference-between-of-centrifugal-and.html?m=1

 :It depends on the purpose or the required jobIf the purpose is high flow rates to distances and alot of places like cooling pump in engines where high pressure is not required, then the centrifugal pump will be goodIf u want  high pressure or high capability of overcoming the resistance like water elevating pump and fuel pump in engines, then the displacement pump will be good

• .The centrifugal has more flowrates than positive pumps
• .The positive pump has more pressures at output than centrifugal pump

Difference Between Centrifugal and Reciprocating Pump

Definition

Centrifugal pump is a type of kinetic pump, which increases the fluid’s speed and gives kinetic energy to the fluid, and that is then converted to pressure energy and used to expel the fluid.

Reciprocating pump is a type of positive displacement pump, which operates by trapping a fixed volume of liquid and then forcing it out using mechanical pressure.

Fluid Discharge

Centrifugal pump discharges fluid continuously.

Reciprocating pump discharges fluid in pulses.

Efficiency of the Pumps

Centrifugal pumps are less efficient compared to reciprocating pumps.

Reciprocating pumps are more efficient compared to centrifugal pumps.

Pressure (“Head”)

In Centrifugal pumps, as flow rate increases, the pressure remains nearly constant and then drops off.

In Reciprocating pumps, the flow rate is nearly constant regardless of the pressure.

Viscosity

In Centrifugal pumps, as viscosity increases, the flow rate  decreases.

In Reciprocating pumps, raising the viscosity of fluid does not have a significant effect on the flow rate. In fact, the flow rate may slightly increase.

First efficiency is the ration between power imparted to the fluid and the power to drive the pump. Second to answer your question you have to inform me (pump driving motor electric or diesel and hp) then you calculate hhp which depends on (pipe line . Valves. Head. Required rate) To answer your question Its easier to use a software to draw the station you have to calculate the friction to the liquud viscosity Third and last the only difference between c.pumps and reciprocating that reciprocating transfer the whole suctioned acquired fluid volume to the discharge and its dangerous to close its discharge valve cause pressure will keep raising untill it reaches it's maximum hhp or something leaks. On the other hand c.pump doesn't transfer all the suction acquured volume to the discharge it keeps some fluid in impeller housing and if you closed it's discharge valve, the pressure will increase also but not like recip. Pump I do not know why technically exactly actually.

Reciprocating has higher eff. but its depending on the application you can determine which pump to use not efficiency wise.

reciprocating pump is more efficient than cntrifugal pump.cenrifugal pump have prblem like pressure drop.

 Positive pumps eff. can hit more than89%

But C.P. even if it was new and working within the best efficient point it only can reach60~75% maximum. Thanks

Receiprocating pumps have higher effeciency.because it is almost use for viscous fluid where the viscosity is high,and so the volumetric loss is lower.

also from Positive displacement curves at constant speed, the pump operate at constant flow , and different pressure so you cannot control the flow.

In centrifugal pumps from the pump curve you can find a wide range of flow at different head depending on system resistance curve.

Centrifugal pump is more effecient if your application is high delta-P (If you want to increase the fluid pressure).

Reciprotating pump is more effecient if your application is high delt-F (If you want to increase the flow rate).

Remember that Flow & Pressure are having a reversal relationship.

generaly

receprocating is more effective for high pressure use and low flow rate

and centrifigual is used for higher flow rate and low pressure

and there is a charts q - h chart u put in it the flow rate ( q ) and pressure head ( h )

and it detect to u the suitable pump kind

and also u can use the specific speed Ns to detect the pump kind

Ns = N * Q^.5 / H^3/4

Reciprocating pumps are more efficient than centrifugal and this is universal truth. It dose not depend on the application at all. In every application and every case reciprocating pump is more efficient. I am working in OEM of recip and centrifugal pumps so what I am saying is based on my experience as an OEM.

Reciprocating pump eff. is usually more than90%.